DIN磨耗實(shí)驗(yàn)介紹
1. 什么是磨耗實(shí)驗(yàn)？
磨耗性能是橡膠、硫化膠、熱塑性彈性體等制品的一項(xiàng)重要指標(biāo)，與材料失效和制品的使用安全性密切相關(guān)。
耐磨性：物理機(jī)械作用力下耐磨耗性
相對(duì)磨損體積：橡膠試樣相對(duì)磨損體積（mm3），是指在測(cè)試之后與相同條件下與參照膠料的比較得到。
耐磨性指數(shù)：相同條件下參照膠料體積損耗與試樣體積損耗之比，用百分?jǐn)?shù)表示
2. 主要的測(cè)試方法
目前比較普遍采用的三種測(cè)試方法是：國(guó)標(biāo)XM一1型磨耗實(shí)驗(yàn)機(jī)法(GB/T3903.2-1994)、阿克隆磨耗實(shí)驗(yàn)機(jī)法（GB/T1689～1998）和DIN磨耗實(shí)驗(yàn)機(jī)法(GB/T9867—1988、ISODIN ISO 4649)。*種方法用帶齒的金屬磨輪垂直壓在試樣上，以一定負(fù)荷、一定時(shí)間、一定速度，對(duì)試樣進(jìn)行磨耗，測(cè)量其磨痕長(zhǎng)度，來(lái)表示材料的耐磨性能；后兩種方法通過(guò)測(cè)定試樣在一定條件下，經(jīng)機(jī)械摩擦所產(chǎn)生的磨耗減量，來(lái)表示材料的耐磨性能。下面主要介紹DIN磨耗實(shí)驗(yàn)。
3. DIN磨耗實(shí)驗(yàn)
該機(jī)由固定砂紙的旋轉(zhuǎn)滾筒和可水平移動(dòng)的試樣夾持器組成。滾筒直徑為(150.0±0.2)mm，滾筒速度(40.0±1.0)r/min，磨耗距離為(40.0±0.2)mm，橫向前進(jìn)滾筒總?cè)?shù)為84r，夾具橫向距離4.2mm/r，試樣夾具荷重2．5N，附加荷重砝碼有2.5N和5.0N兩個(gè)。試樣的直徑16mm，厚度至少6mm，試樣厚度少于6mm時(shí)，可將兩塊粘貼在一起使用。實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，在規(guī)定的接觸壓力(10N)下和給定面積上，采用一定規(guī)格砂紙，對(duì)試樣進(jìn)行摩擦。
圖1. 磨耗測(cè)試儀示意圖Figure 1 — Schematic illustration of apparatus 圖2. 試樣制備空心鉆頭示意圖Figure 2 — Example of a hollow drill for test piece preparation
1. Determination of abrasion resistance
Abrasion resistance is an important index of Rubber, vulcanized orthermoplastic, and closely related with the life span and safety of materials.
Terms and definitions
Abrasion resistance
The resistance to wear by mechanical action upon a surface
Relative volume loss
The volume loss, in cubic millimetres, of the test rubber after being subjected to abrasion by an abrasive sheet which will cause a reference compound to lose a defined mass under the same specified conditions of test
Abrasion resistance index
The ratio of the volume loss of a reference compound to the volume loss of the test rubber measured under the same specified conditions of test and expressed as a percentage
2. Main methods of determining abrasion resistance
The standards include GB/T1689～1998, GB/T3903.2-1994,
GB/T9867—1988,ISODIN ISO 4649. The methods involve determination of the volume loss due to the abrasive action of rubbing a test piece over a specified grade of abrasive sheet. The result can be reported as a relative volume loss or an abrasion resistance index.
3. Experiment
The test apparatus (see Figure 1) consists of a laterally movable test piece holder and a rotatable cylinder to which the abrasive sheet (5.2) is fixed. The cylinder shall have a diameter of and a length of about and shall be rotated at a speed of , the direction of rotation being as indicated in Figure 1. The test piece holder shall have a cylindrical opening, the diameter of which can be adjusted from to and a device for adjusting the length of the test piece protruding from the opening to. The holder shall be mounted on a swivel arm that, in turn, is attached to a sledge that can be moved laterally on a spindle. The lateral displacement of the holder shall be per revolution of the drum (see note 1). Suitable attachments may be provided to rotate the test piece during the test run by rotation of the test piece holder (method B), preferably at the rate of 1 revolution per 50 revolutions of the drum.
Abrasion takes place over one of the end surfaces of the cylindrical test piece (see Figure 1). The abrasive sheet is attached to the surface of a rotating cylindrical drum against which the test piece is held and across which it is traversed. The loss in mass of the test piece is determined and the volume loss is calculated from the density of the material used for the test piece. The volume loss of the test piece is compared to that of a reference compound tested under the same conditions.
Source:
Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drum device
英語(yǔ)：Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic –Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drumdevice (ISO 4649:2002)English version of DIN ISO 4649:2006-11
德語(yǔ)：Elastomere oder thermoplastische Elastomere –Bestimmung des Abriebwiderstandes mit einem Ger?t mit rotierender Zylindertrommel(ISO 4649:2002)Englische Fassung DIN ISO 4649:2006-11
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