力士樂比例閥工作原理
電液比例控制裝置的核心元件電液比例閥具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、控制精度高、安裝使用靈活以及抗污染能力強等多方面優(yōu)點.
供應力士樂電磁比例閥¥BOSCH比例閥
力士樂比例閥工作原理
電液比例控制裝置的核心元件電液比例閥具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、控制精度高、安裝使用靈活以及抗污染能力強等多方面優(yōu)點.目前在車輛上取得廣泛應用的是比例壓力閥,如在電子控制式自動變速器(ECT),電子式輔助液壓轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)(EPS)及制動防抱死系(ABs)等總成中都有一個或幾個比例壓力閥來實現(xiàn)對壓力平滑精確地控制.下面以一個典型的ECT的比例溢流閥為例分析比例壓力閥的工作原理.根據(jù)閥口流量公式、閥芯受力平衡公式及流量連續(xù)公式可以建立該溢流閥的動態(tài)數(shù)學模型,設(shè)該溢流閥接恒流源,即q,設(shè)為定值(25U而n),給定電流的變化函數(shù);利用InaUab編寫M函數(shù)對該模型進行數(shù)值仿真,可以得到壓力凡隨電流1變化的關(guān)系,如圖2所示.利用求得的這些數(shù)值解進行zui小二乘曲線擬合,可以得到壓力凡隨電流1變化的函數(shù)凡二f(i).
傳統(tǒng)驅(qū)動與控制技術(shù)
比例閥驅(qū)動與控制系統(tǒng)對控制信號進行處理和放大,驅(qū)動銜鐵輸出推力,因此,該系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)劣直接關(guān)系到整個液壓系統(tǒng)的性能.大多數(shù)比例閥的生產(chǎn)廠家提供與其產(chǎn)品配套的功率放大器,這種的功率放大器的原理圖如圖3所示.該電路由顫振信號發(fā)生電路、控制信號疊加電路及U/I轉(zhuǎn)換電路三部分組成.顫振電路是為了減小磁滯及庫侖摩擦引起的死區(qū)和滯環(huán),提高比例閥對電流響應的靈敏度,顫振信號的頻率為質(zhì)量一彈簧系統(tǒng)無阻尼自然頻率的2倍,一般為20一30HZ,常用的顫振信號為正弦波或三角波,振幅約為額定控制信號的10%一20%.控制信號電壓與顫振信號電壓通過反相加法運算電路進行疊加,為滿足相位的要求,其后又增加一級反相器.zui后的U/I轉(zhuǎn)換電路將輸人的電壓信號轉(zhuǎn)換為比例閥線圈的控制電流輸出.
該功率放大器的功放三極管工作于線性放大區(qū),其集電結(jié)發(fā)熱量較大,并且電阻Rll與比例閥線圈通過的電流幾乎相同,所以Rll的功率高達10w,因此三極管和電阻Rll容易燒壞,而兩個器件過高的溫度對其旁邊的運算放大器的工作也有影響.另外,由于計算機無法與比例電磁鐵直接接口,要產(chǎn)生具有一定精度的控制信號,必須要使用D/A轉(zhuǎn)換器.
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